Performance appraisal

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Through a detailed analysis of current information, it is clear to certify that there is a consensus view on Performance Appraisal Systems (PAS). Many believe (including Bright et al., 17) that PAS grew momentum during the 160s. Guest (10) seeing the change to Human Resource Management (HRM) as conforming to the American Dream (European Human Resource Management), it is now a strategic factor businesses have to deal with, but does help the handling of people/employee. This relates to other thinking that the origins of PAS can be found in the thinking of Douglas McGregor (160s) through his Theory X and Theory Y in his book The Human Side of Enterprise.

PAS is a method to review performance of staff (Mullins 16, Pg.6), with Jack Zigon (President Zigon Performance Group) believing that PAS can be used for many purposes (website, 14). Casico takes the definition stage further Performance appraisal, the systematic description of job-relevant strengths and weaknesses within and between employees and groups (Pg.85 18). The overall purpose of a PAS is summed up by Mullins (appendix A), with McKenna et al. (15) transcribing what others believe, that an effective PAS as two clear uses to reward performance and develop employees, with PAS central to Human Resource policies (appendix B). An example of PAS usage is seen through a Dutch example. The Netherlands is an haven for PAS examples, where they are conducted frequently and with such there is low employee turnover (Clark 16), giving high emphasis on employee development. Throughout Europe individual countries are now giving an increased emphasis on developing the employee -which is a factor that prolongs throughout the research.

Amongst all the literature researched, Carrell et al. (15), believe PAS are related to Human Resource growth, which is an on-going and continuous process. There are two major issues identified; if PAS is needed and through which method is to be used. To prevent from regurgitating a long and frequently similar list (Carrell et al. feel it may be worded differently but essentially same style of thought) of methods used, the methods identified are essentially the same. There are many forms/techniques of PAS, but the more effective ones depend on the one selected for a particular job analysis. Often the success of the technique used will depend on the skill and attitude of who completes the appraisal. For example it would be inane to measure numbers for a Marketer but fine for a job role in production. Jack Zigon feels the better measure is through words rather than numbers and sees that in many cases numerical measures are useless. A factor seen at First Direct and Halifax Bank, both banking corporations have now changed their numerical scales into worded scripts. Halifax has changed their 5-point a-b-c-d-e scale into a -point worded scaling. Nissan believe the best method will be fair and simple and create motivation for constructive feedback, with Zigon claiming people prefer the notion of continuous improvement rather than absolute perfection. Such systems are often formalised and systematic, with regular assessment (as in the First Direct example), integral and specific to the situation at hand providing job related and specific direction for future performance (Carrell, 15 Pg.86) and can often give an indication of the job role itself.

A third major issue is that of the appraiser. Many believe that the actual appraiser can influence the success of the system. It is felt that there is a constant need for training and there must be positive relationship between the appraiser and the appraisee. It is also suggested that the appraiser must not display perfection levels (Wickens 187) and there must be feedback offered with clear targets set. Outcomes must not be ignored and appraisers must avoid stiff formality.

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The future of PAS will be seen as continually developing employees, a vehicle which can enhance performance and workers relationships (Bright et al. 17, Pg.141). It will progress from human interaction to computerisation, where neutral computers or computers with artificial intelligence (AI) will replace the appraiser which will reduce the effect of negative human relationship elements, which can often cause a clouding of the appraisal result (the halo effect). This will be a natural development as both parties require education, from each other, whilst the system itself requires initial education. The system however will educate its users and will internally educate, creating a system, which will be fully flexible and fully organic. It will become so flexible that eventually the PAS will become self-sufficient and will not require force-feeding of information. This will help create an integral HR information system for the whole of the organisation.

Referring to the main issue relating to whether or not a PAS system is needed and its characteristics. All the authors studied believe that an organisation requires a Performance Appraisal System. But the general thought to the extent a rule-of-thumb, that few organisations are happy with their system. Some suggest that employees distrust a PAS and that many organisations are unhappy with their current system and so a major issue related to this, is how to develop a PAS, which is mutually satisfying to both the employee and organisation. Zigon, through his companys website suggest through continuous development of the system. Zigon also feels that the systems need developing and improving due to his 1 years of research that the PAS is outdated within years of its formation.

The PAS needs to be used as an integrated tool, with care taken into what is included. Many potential components/purposes are identified but some believe that only or 4 purposes are included with others introduced as the PAS matures. If the PAS is to be successful the method used must be specific to the situation (for example self-assessment or management-assessment), with Harrison (17) believing that the system should be driven by vision, corporate goals & business strategies (Pg.).

In conclusion, it is believed there is a consistent view on the major issues of PAS of which I feel are 4-fold. If the PAS is needed, which method to use, the skill of the appraiser and the future of appraisals. Many believe that the PAS is central to all HR policies and must be central to organisational growth. It is felt that their are many methods are available, but whichever one is selected there must be feedback and continuous development of the system. It is believed that the system will follow the suit of many business processes and become truly computerised. As the system matures, so will the education of its users, both on an individual level and on an organisational level. Austin (1) feels Traditional approaches to performance evaluation cannot keep up with todays competitive realities (Human Resource Management, 17 [as found in]) and so a contingent and flexible approach needs to be taken, something which as been suggested through the literature search. One may say that although many texts and sources was used, they were all essentially revealing the same outcome, but simply using different words to reveal such thinking.

Critically analyse Ciscos recruiting method from the article Ciscos Recruiting Edge. Compare Ciscos method with other recruitment methods available

People as a resource (Human Resource) are regarded as an organisations most valuable asset, and often the source of Competitive Advantage. The right people for the organisation requires a competent Human Resource system to serve the recruitment needs of the organisation. Recruitment (refer to appendix c for the process & appendix d for most prevalent techniques by job roles) is the means to add to, maintain, or readjust total workforces...in accordance with HR requirements (Cascio, 18 Pg.174). In a modern flexible organisation the handling of the Human element is vastly important. The modern firm as both Core and peripheral workers to handle, the numbers of which are handled by the recruitment staff of the organisation. There are various methods of recruitment (to be discussed later) and it can happen internally or externally.

San Jose based technological network giants Cisco require not only the latest and innovative products to stay-ahead-of-the-field but they also require their employees to be of the same nature. That is the reason why they require the best people possible -and not necessarily available! ...trying to hire only the highest-calibre people along the way (case study).

The methods used by Cisco the writer would say are back-door headhunting. They are enticing employees of other companies to come to them, rather than using the costly full-on headhunting (therefore having to buy out a contract and damage their public image) technique. Recruitment is often seen as a two-way process. Employers search for prospective employees (for example employment agencies), but prospective employees also seek out employers -a notion known as mating, a method clearly enjoyed by Cisco and clearly evident in their friends programme.

Cisco is clearly proactive and aggressive when it comes to recruitment. Its recruitment team identifies the characteristics required, then how to attract them (it then makes sure it fills the voids in manpower). Cisco irritates employees of other companies into applying to Cisco (through the aggressive recruitment) and the policy of gaining the top 10% - 15% of people in the technology industry evidently works as the HR is fully committed to the current recruitment methods. They are a technological firm, which uses original ideas (friends programme), bizarre ideas (visiting art fairs) and highly technological ideas (using the Internet).

The writer finds the most appealing is the buddy system, whereby prospective employees are teamed up with existing employees, which is used to assess the cultural fit of the employee and also to inform the employee of life at Cisco. Although on the face of it a good idea, the under-hand measures of big corporations is shown through the financial enticement given to the buddy by Cisco to be part of the team. Thus clouding of the overall perspective of the company can be achieved if the existing employees want to further their participation in the scheme and increase their chances of the trip to Hawaii! The use of persuasion is used to attract new employees, in a subdued fashion and by advertising at cinemas use prospective employees leisure/relaxed time/attitude. The prospective employee will be unaware of the financial implications for the existing employee in been part of this system and unaware of any persuasion techniques.

The use of technology is excellent. Cisco use their networking knowledge to reduce the slow application process via the CV and other walk-in (a job vacancy is seen and the interested party simply call-in, however Cisco would be unlikely to use such a technique as it is often not used for higher position jobs or technical jobs) techniques. The Internet site of Cisco clearly adopts this notion of enticement, making it easier to find information and on a global scale. The Profiler tool and the Internet site, further show that Cisco want to steal employees from other employers using fair and good image provoking techniques. But the escape button once more reveals the corrupt/under-hand nature of the techniques, but the corporation will say it is the employee who is coming to them (prospecting) via the website rather than Cisco head-hunting them. The case study sees the Internet as it can inexpensively post hundreds of job openings and lots of information about each one.

Cisco methods one feels on the surface appear to be not too vindictive, but a further analysis certainly sees that the Silicon giant is not as virgin-faced as it may appear to be. Cisco sought to learn how happily employed people could be enticed to interview for a job (case study). The case study appears to suggest that they make happy employees feel they need to be at Cisco recruiters target what they call passive job seekers, people who are happy and successful where they are. Therefore allowing the employee to feel they are obliged to apply for a job.

The recruitment strategy mirrors that of any other strategy in a highly competitive industry in order to gain a Competitive Advantage. As previously said, people are the main source for organisations, they supply innovation, they supply ideas and for this reason the Human Resource is unique. For this reason it appears Cisco arent happy about creating or finding its own talent, but will use another organisations successful strategies to supplement Ciscos employment deficiencies. It is also apparent that they require the best and they will use techniques which are technically sugar-coated immoral/unethical methods -is it fair that they should pry on the employees of other companies, whom in Ciscos own revelation are happy. But on the side of the corporations, they do not tell people to fill in forms over the Internet as did Dawn Wilson (case study). They also have internal employment-sharks who prey on the identified, the benefits of faster hiring, the company [Cisco] reasoned, would far outweigh the expense of headhunters...trying to make lives easier. (case study)

Table 1, Advantages of Recruiting Internally/Externally

Internal External

Increase morale of all employees Applicant pool is greater

Knowledge of personnel records New ideas, contacts

Chain effect of promotion Reduces internal infighting

Need to hire only at entry level Minimises the Peter Principle

Usually faster, less expensive

Source Carrell et al. (15)

Many other recruitment methods are available. Examples of such are Newspapers, television, cinema (which Cisco use to advertise their friends programme), posters, career fairs, college/universities open days, recommendations of current employees, job centres and external consultants (as identified by Bright et al. 17). They form essentially two groups internal and external methods. There are two major sources of recruitment in Spain recommendations by company employees (Cisco will use such method) and unsoliated application (Clark, 16) -methods chosen are usually linked to the type of job. Lasher Associates (a United States recruitment firm) believe traditional recruiting methods, including advertising, personal referrals, and placement firms generally produce a good source of available candidates and fulfil the majority of staffing requirements in most companies (1). With UK grocery chain Marks & Spencer have introduced on the job testing before a job offer is made. Such is a new method but the Times Newspapers feel that the methods are turning full circle as many advisors on recruitment feel the need to go back to basics (1). For basic methods Cisco use anything but. Although they do have a kind of on the job working habit (like Marks & Spencer) through the Friends Programme. This programme is not basic and clearly highly innovative.

From the case study material it is clear that Cisco use anything but internal recruitment methods. This is perhaps due to the company requiring the best of the best and therefore must progress externally. As Table 1 reveals there are advantages to be gained from internally recruiting, such as saving time and money (essential resources). The main source of which is employee relocation consists of existing employee transfer into a new position. Another is job posting, which involves the internal display of job availability. This could be used for Cisco over their internal network, although as previously specified they seem to require extra external manpower.

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French

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Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in French, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your French paper at affordable prices!

Has anyone ever wondered how the French got to Canada? Well I have and I

have found out they have British roots like Americans do. But the French

speaking people didn't like the English speaking invaders, kinda opposite of

us. We left the British ruling land to seek a new place to be free withoutWrite my Essay on French

Kings and Queens ruling us. Well that is what my report is all about " The

French Heritage of Canada".

I had many interesting talks with my Grandma Lynn, see she is a

retired French teacher for the Davenport schools. She sent me books,

magazines, maps and tapes of music and videos of Canada. Most of this stuff

I cannot read or understand, but she explained a lot of things to me.

I guess around 1608 the French began to colonize Canada. We have

states, they have colonies or provinces. Only about 10,000 French people

came over from France, because France own or ruled Canada at that time.

For many years the French Canadians had one of the highest birthrates in the

world. This was because most of them were "good old Roman Catholics" my

Grandmother told me, which means they did not use any birth control because

it was against the rules of the church. By 101, I read the French Canadians

accounted for 0 percent of Canada's population.

These French people went thru a lot of hard times and unwelcomed

changes took place when Great Britain took over Canada around 1760. A

person called, King George the rd made them use British Laws, which

means those English speaking people ruled. You see the French hated these

rude newcomers. Many of the French believed that the British wanted to

destroy their French heritage in Canada, which was probably true.

Quebec province became the home for most of the French Canadians.

The Roman Catholic Church was headquarted in Quebec City and was the

one of the most important thing in the lives of all French Canadians from

1840 to around the 160's. The Church recruited large numbers of both men

and women to serve and staff the health, social welfare and education centers.

The Quebec government was controlled by these church-educated people.

French communities like Quebec believed themselves to be better than

other people within Canada. Their Catholic religion, their French culture and

language, and being farmers set them apart from the other Canadians. They

so badly wanted to keep the French language, they created Bill 101. This Bill

101 declared French the official language for their province. This bill

required all children to attend a French-language schools and wanted French

to be also spoken in the private business work place. This made the English

speaking people uncomfortable because they didn't know the language so

they moved to different parts of Canada, which didn't hurt their feelings any.

Please note that this sample paper on French is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on French, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on French will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!

Chinese Business

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Chinese Business. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Chinese Business paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Chinese Business, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Chinese Business paper at affordable prices!

Case Study 1- Samsung China ¡®The Introduction of color TV¡¯

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This is a case study report on Samsung China ¡®The introduction of color TV¡¯. The main focus of this report analyzes the information provided by Samsung¡¯s official website and the printed text provided by the unit coordinator; Professor David Zhang. This report will first identify the primary and secondary problems, followed by a PEST analysis which will consist of the 4 aspects of political, environmental, social and technological issues. Based on the findings from the PEST analysis, this report will recommend some appropriate solutions and alternatives.

The problems faced by Samsung China in this particular case study are not considered serious as Samsung has established itself as a reputable organization both locally and internationally. The political environment may seem to be uncontrollable but will significantly improve after China gains full membership with the WTO and China welcoming FDI. The rest of the PEST analysis such as economical, social and technological components is all favorable for Samsung to change its multiple business units¡¯ strategies to a single focused business strategy. However, the only crucial factor will be the time duration and the possible resistance for the changes to take place.

A few assumptions have been made

1) There are no major human resource related issues and problems

) SCH marketing director, Mr Hyun Young-Koo is a capable marketing director and is deemed to be the best suited person for restructuring Samsung¡¯s business system in China.

) Resistance from Samsung¡¯s business units are kept minimal.

4) While Samsung is advancing with its proposal in China, there are no major changes or counter reaction from its competitors.

PRIMARY PROBLEMS

1) Too many separate business strategies adopted by too many Samsung¡¯s individual business units (lack of focus).

) The China market can be very complex for Samsung as a foreign investor.

) Unclear market segment and product line.

4) Ever increasing competitiveness from competitors.

SECONDARY PROBLEMS

1) Resistance from Soul-based people in Samsung Electronics to produce high-end products, preferring to do business in China through higher volume than higher priced.

) Strong Japanese competitors.

) Disadvantage of selling Samsung television more cheaply to off-set the Japanese high brand image.

4) Tendency to follow USA¡¯s operation footsteps (which may not be appropriate for some China market situations).

PEST ANALYSIS

Political

The China market is indeed a very unique one. Although China has introduced many market-driven economic reforms, it is primarily a centrally planned socialist economy. There is a high degree of competition among the government at both the central and local levels. This could be due to the fact for the lack of a better organized planning system, there is still a huge gap between the stated plans and the actual ability of the Government to manage and control the economy. There is also another unique concept of emphasizing Social Profitability over Economic Profitability adopted by the Chinese Government, which is often the ¡®basis¡¯ for consideration for majority of their projects.

There have been too many examples from other industries that China still has many gaps between the stated plans and the actual ability to manage and control the economy. As such, many legal laws still have some flaws and contracts are often not legally bounded. China is infamously known to be governed by its people instead of its laws and regulations. However, such a political environment has changes dramatically over the years.

Samsung¡¯s active move into the Chinese market started only after Beijing and Seoul established diplomatic relations in 1. With its recent membership into WTO in December 000- China economy is more receptive and participative towards foreign investments and its activities. However, this may be a double edged sword as this will benefit Samsung but also at the same time face more competition from other competitors.

Economical

According to McKinsey, 60 million Chinese had per capital purchasing power exceeding US 1,000, an income level above which Chinese could start buying color televisions. By the year 000, this number of household will increase to 00 million (0-40 cities). However, this proportion is not evenly spread as some cities will be enjoying more material benefits than some. In 1, the biggest differences are cities of Shanghai and Tianjin, it is unclear if the disparity will be narrowed in the near future.

The possible reasons for the influx of money and increase in their spending power may be due to the unreported income, booming black market in labor, goods, services and foreign exchange. Another possible reason may be due to the Government¡¯s aid in housing subsidies, less money is spent on housing/utilities and more can be portioned to home appliances/equipments.

In 14, 41% of its 00 million households own color televisions. 0 of the 00 million households belong to the rural regions while 80 million belongs to the urban cities. More rural sales is suggested towards the low 8 percent (television owners) while there is a increasing need for more sophisticated television for the 80 percent rural dwellers who already owned colored televisions.

Social

Culture is part and parcel of the Chinese society and they mainly practice the Confucian culture and are collectivism-oriented and emphasize a lot on social harmony. Chinese people place great importance on personal relationship and trust. Therefore for foreign companies such as Samsung, it is very important for them to build long-term mutual trust relationship with their Chinese counterparts.

Although there is an abundance of workers ready for Samsung¡¯s employment, there is a tendency that the Chinese workforce is not as productive as expected. According to the data provided many foreign companies who enter into a joint venture with socialists firms had found themselves in the position of having to inherit a large number of workers and stuff, of which perhaps only 50 percent were needed to complete the required work.

Technological

The Mechatronics Center is the backbone of the technology component of Samsung Corporation. The center is in charge of providing the core components technology and equipment in the manufacturing of the LCD for the televisions.

This is supported by

Robot Application

Inspection System

Next Generation Factory Design

SMT (Surface mount technology)

Precision Optical Lens

Intelligent Robot

There are too many technological advantages in Samsung television, just to name a few that clearly have a competitive advantage over its nearest competitor.

Lifelike Picture Quality- Samsung has perfected its own unique picture technology, DNIe¢â. What distinguishes DNIe¢â is that it uses its own algorithm to analyze any kind of input signal (HD, SD, RF or DVD) and convert it to an optimal output signal tailored to any kind of display device (Flat CRT TV, Projection TV, Plasma TV, LCD TV), guaranteeing a lifelike picture every time.

Clearer and Brighter- At 400 cd/m, DLP¢â outshines other micro-display technologies for a bright, clear picture, with incredible contrast and color accuracy. Its unique optical engine preserves the intensity of the original image with vibrant colors and rich, deep blacks. Its high, 10001 contrast ratio makes for ideal color separation and crisp, detailed images.

On Screen Graphic Menus- Unlike their competitors, all Samsung TVs have the convenience of on-screen-graphic menus while our refined picture quality also provides clearer text information and graphic images for interactive digital broadcasting. Designed with the viewer in mind, Samsungs on-screen-graphic menu takes a step further with its sophisticated graphic interface, that overlays the pictures with easy-to-use, drop-down menus.

SOLUTIONS/ALTERNATIVES

To boost the image of Samsung and aim to achieve greater brand differentiation

Currently Samsung is enjoying great success in its mobile phone product line£¬semi-conductors, home appliances (especially its PAD refrigerators), TFT LDC modules, CCTV and recently launched laptop product range. It is of paramount importance that Samsung makes full use of this opportunity to use this platform to enhance its image of Samsung¡¯s television branding in China.

Increase current advertising budget

Based on the US market data, Samsung is 4th on the list in its advertising expenses among other major electronics firms. However, the difference in expenditure from the 1st company (Sony) is almost 1. times. Samsung¡¯s value for money and its high quality products deserve more advertising budget because positive word of mouth advertising is very limited in its effectiveness. Media advertising through commercial, internet, radio and print is very crucial for informing its existing/potential customer through its Reach and Frequency capability.

Concentrate on the high-end color television using the Samsung brand

In order to achieve an image of a high-end/high-quality brand, Samsung China should be focused in achieving this objective by concentrating on the high-end color television so as to propel and position Samsung as a premium product producer. In, fact, Samsung should aim to close the gap with Sony in terms of consumer¡¯s brand and quality perception.

Niche marketing and production

Since the 18¡±, 0¡± and 1¡± televisions are the best selling sizes; Samsung should strive to concentrate more on these particular product ranges. The production department should concentrating more in improving it economies of scale and its learning curve, so as to have a better edge over its competitors.

Dominate the mid-end color television by seeking joint-ventures with using existing and established China Brands

Only established brands from the top three among the consumer¡¯s favorite should be considered for Joint Venture such as with Changhong, XiongMao and Konka (these three companies already control 5% of the local market). Samsung can either buy more shares or co-produce the television set by borrowing the local manufacturer¡¯s goodwill brand name by earning more based on volume selling (lower end products) and at the same time protecting Samsung¡¯s own high profile brand image.

Ensure highest product quality

Due to the intense competition from aggressive foreign and the domestic competitors, Samsung must strive to become the leading global company by always placing quality as their number 1 priority. The best way to gain their customer¡¯s trust and loyalty is to provide the best value for their money. Currently, Samsung is doing very well in its 7¡± television (nd position) but need more improvement in the 0¡± category (6th position).

Anticipate future consumer taste and preference trend

Another possible trend shift may be towards the 5¡± television as the case study had indicated that this is the 4th most popular size preferences. If consumers are now having more purchasing power, it is very likely that bigger televisions will be affordable and preferred. The shift will come from the 6% of 1¡± television buyers towards the now existing 11% of 5¡± television buyers. In addition, Samsung may continue to enjoy positive experience curve and economies of scale, thus making prices of their 5¡± television more competitive. Another possible significant shift may be buyers from the 18¡± television consumers heading toward the bigger television sets since the China market is now enjoying more economic growth and increased awareness of high technological high premium product brands.

Take the first step for the ¡®First Mover¡¯ Advantage

Since the China market has a history of their first mover enjoying advantages over late comers and tend to be loyal to a first mover¡¯s product, Samsung must make strong efforts in its marketing strategy for their future products. One very good example will be a ¡®soft launch¡¯ of Samsung¡¯s ¡®future¡¯ PLASMA, PROJECTOR and FLAT screened television in the bigger cities of China. This is not for sales purpose but more of an exhibit or showcase portfolio.

Although these products are very expensive and is most unlikely unaffordable, it is still a viable idea to expose to the China market of the latest and best technology made available by Samsung outside the China market- this helps to create a deeper impression in the eyes for the future television market in China. When the market is ready for such premium products, Samsung may be the first one to be associated with it.

More research on the China consumer market

Based on Exhibit 7, Samsung¡¯s pricing of their products are ranging between lower and mid ranged. Does this reflect on the perception of Samsung¡¯s product as a premium product? There are many researches that concluded that Chinese people often closely associate high premium brands with high prices. If Samsung wants to increase its profile as a better brand or close the perception gap with Sony, there is a need to adjust its pricing strategy.

Increase the Company¡¯s Economies of Scale

Economies of scale can be achieved by increasing productivity- if existing workforce or resources can produce more with lesser time required, profit will increase and enjoy higher leverage. The other option would to transfer the production of television from the more capital intensive factories (such as its SEMUK in UK) and the least productive plant SETAS in Turkey into China; however it must be cost effective and justifiable in terms of the overall business objectives. Currently, total volume of 6 million color television productions has only 44% being produced oversea, there is still room for expansion into China region.

Comprehensive and regular training programs

In order to survive doing business in a highly technological demanding industry, it is very important that the employees in Samsung are constantly up-grading themselves. The organization must provide the resources and opportunities to motivate their workers, mainly in their skills and management (human resource) component. Old management employees must constantly be motivated to upgrade and reinforce their concept of ¡®moving¡¯ along and ahead of the times. The old thinking of the formidable Japanese brands must be overcome and welcome all its challenges.

Efficient and Effective Work Team

Samsung should always hire the best team of committed employees to lead the development of next-generation technologies and strengthen patent portfolio by securing fundamental technologies to solidify our position as a global leader in IT industry. For Samsung Electronics, continued innovation in technology development is the key to demonstrating our global technology leadership

Good infrastructure of after sales service and support

China has a wide customer base in many different locations, in order to maintain strong customer loyalty and the handle any potential customer post purchase dissonance. Samsung must have a good infrastructure of an informative website dedicated to answer/advice any queries regarding any Samsung products. More importantly the management must plan and strategically located Samsung service centers all over China to meet their ever increasing consumer demand.

Continue to show support for China

Samsung should always strive to establish good working relationship and ¡®guan xi¡¯ with their China counterparts by increasing their investment and social contribution budget in China. Such commitment from Samsung will enhance the working relationship with the authorities and show great sincerity in looking at China¡¯s welfare in terms of knowledge transfer, employment and the overall well being of China¡¯s economy.

THE END

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Machivellian interpretation of humanism

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Machiavelli's work The Prince is a contradiction of the political philosophy of his time. Machiavelli's philosophy is to put all political power in the hands of a single person, who would make decisions for all of society, while above all serving in the best interests of himself. These interests included gaining, maintaining, and expanding his political power. Machiavelli promotes a secular society where morality is unnecessary, and stood in the way of an effectively governed principality. Although Machiavelli's theories seem very authoritarian and against representative government it is important to note that during his lifetime in Italy there was a very unstable and deteriorating political state of affairs. His solution seems harsh and very risky; however he describes this Prince as a savior from the turmoil of his times.

During Machiavelli's time in Florence, Italy was politically divided into a number of city states; these states were given greater allegiance by their citizens than the country as a whole. The governments of these city-states often changed

between dictatorships and republics, and this is illustrated by the history of Florence, where tyrannical rule was exercised by the Medici family from the middle to late lth century before the restoration of democracy by Savonarola. The divisions which existed between these states were further aggravated by the frequent presence of foreign military forces such as France and Spain, who helped many factions gain power against their rivals. In particular, it was the Spanish who returned the Medici family to power in 151 after invading Florence.

Although humanists of his time believed that an individual had many attributes to offer the state, Machiavelli was quick to disregard and even mock human nature. He generally distrusted citizens, stating in The Prince that "…in times of adversity, when the state is in need of its citizens there are few to be found". Machevelli even had doubts about the loyalty of citizens, explaining that these people would not keep their word. Nevertheless, Machevelli insisted that the Prince never mistreat the citizens of the principality, based on the notion that this would also be in the Prince's best interests. Furthermore, if a Prince can not be feared and loved at the same time, it is better to be feared, because according to human nature men are "...ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers, they shun danger and are greedy for profit…". Machevelli believes men are self-centered and not willing to act in the best interest of the state and when the Prince "...is in danger they turn against him…" To win honor from the citizens Machevelli believes that the Prince must deceive them. By encouraging and honoring professionals these people would mind their own business while silently "...increas[ing] the prosperity of their state". Through this deception, the Prince would achieve and maintain honor and trust amongst the citizens, especially those that were in the best position to oppose him. The Prince must also deceive those who attempt to flatter him with their political ideas, while pretending to take many opinions into account, the Prince realizes that men are only out for self-interests; therefore the Prince must act on his own accord, and none other.Order Custom Machivellian interpretation of humanism paper

Machiavelli believed a secular form of government would be the most realistic in benefiting the Prince while maintaining power and serving his own purposes. The Prince was Machiavelli'a only solution to Italy's unstable government. Although it was the cultural, intellectual and artistic center of the Renaissance, Machiavelli did not believe these qualities would secure Italy's political future. Accordingly, Italy required a leader that could command complete control over citizens and institutions. A secular government would achieve these ends, because, according to Machiavelli, men generally worked for their best interests and not the well being of society. This being the case, there was no room for them in politics. Machiavelli doubted that this form of government could outlast tyrannical rule, nevertheless, it was established years after his had penned The Prince, thus Machiavelli must be regarded as the founder of modern day secular government.

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Critical Commentary on "Crow" by A. MacLean and "Hawk Roosting" by T. Hughes

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Indre Kunigelyte

September 0, 00

Critical Commentary on "Crow" by A. MacLean and "Hawk Roosting" by T. Hughes

The first of the two poems "Crow" by A. MacLean has six stanzas of unusual three lines each. "Hawk Roosting" by T.Hughes also has the same number of stanzas, however they consist of four lines of about the same length. Help with essay on Critical Commentary on "Crow" by A. MacLean and "Hawk Roosting" by T. Hughes The first poem has an odd rhyme structure ABA. The lines are generally of the same length. Short sentences, in which it is written, help to emphasise the content.

"Crow" is a descriptive poem in which the bird crow is described. It starts with the repetition "Crow, crow, crow" introducing the subject and the image of the very first day of the Earth, in which the bird is already flying around, suggesting that it had been there before anything else. The second and the third stanzas describe the physical appearance of the crow. The fourth and the fifth talk more about its mental characteristics. In the last stanza we are told about only one kill of the bird. The voice of the poem is a third person, which is describing the bird with a certain tone. The tone is admiration and awe since the bird is regarded as a very strong animal. Descriptions like "Knocks limpets off rocks", "Cracks lobster claws" show this narrator's attitude towards the subject. Such language used in the poem is powerful because it powerfully creates an image of the crow to the reader. It is not complicated, but the adjectives and verbs used are very carefully picked to give the right impression. For example, "Roars with laughter" gives a stronger impression it is more than just a simple laughter of the crow.

One of the main figures of speech used in the poem is personification, for example, "can tell a shotgun from a walking stick", "knows a trick", which help to create the image of the crow being a clever bird. This characterization is very similar one as of a human. The poet uses metaphors such as "a sort of airborne vacuum-cleaner" or "could use a dead crow for a pickaxe" to complement and to reinforce the image of the bird.

The key subject of the poem the crow is described as a creature that had been on the Earth before anything else and had not evolved since then.

"Did not evolve. Started off this way."

This says that the bird stayed the way it was, which means that it is already perfect as it is. However, it is not the most pleasant creature -

"Gets fatter as the world gets leaner"

That is, it feeds off the others. It also lives on dead flesh, adders and frogs, therefore the narrator calls the bird "airborne vacuum-cleaner", that is, removes all the animals and remains that are unpleasant or dangerous. The crow is said to be very strong physically-

"Bill is the hardest substance known.

You could use a dead crow for a pickaxe."

The metaphors suggest that the bird has the strongest bill and the whole body. But not only is it well-built, it is also mentally very powerful. The following quote suggests what a cruel animal it is

"Takes the eyes from a sheep in labour"

The crow is unemotional and serious, it doesn't care about anything else in the world but itself, and it doesn't gratify to anyone. With these features one "would do well in the City", as the narrator suggests, that is, would outlive in the corrupt society. The crow is also a clever bird

"Won't come near an armed man.

Can tell a shotgun from a walking stick"

Namely it can tell the differences and so recognize possible danger to itself. In this way it is as almost immortal, since there has been only one "ancient kill" ever, and a feather of the bird is kept as an heirloom. These given characteristics are mostly human therefore the crow could be regarded as a symbol for a certain type of people strong, impassive, detached and egoistic, living off others ("gets fatter as the world gets leaner"). Like the crow in the poem, they do not evolve, they are born like this and they stay so all the time therefore with confidence presenting themselves as perfect.

In contrast, "Hawk Roosting" by T. Hughes is a longer poem without any regular rhyme structure with longer sentences. Here, a hawk talks from its point of view.

In the first stanza we are introduced to the setting, which is the nest in the top of the woods from where the hawk talks about himself. It is high in the trees, higher than everyone else and therefore with much more power. In first, second, third and fourth stanzas it introduces to itself and usual activities resting in the trees inactively, "rehearsing perfect kills" and eat, or flying slowly around and killing.

The tone of the hawk, in contrast with the one in "Crow", is rather arrogant and the hawk sounds very confident just like the crow in the first poem. As in "Crow", in this poem the author also uses personifications which give the subject many human features, for example, "I sit in the top", "my eyes closed", "I am going to keep things like this".

The main subject of the poem, also the bird as in "Crow", is high up in the trees above the Earth, higher than everyone else, real killer resting quietly.

"The convenience of the high trees!

The air's buoyancy and the sun's ray

Are of advantage to me;

And the earth's face upward for my inspection "

The stanza suggests that the whole earth is under its control, and that the bird uses it as it pleases for they are convenient to him. The hawk regards himself as a perfect creature when it says

"It took a whole of Creation

To produce my foot, my each feather"

Which suggests that it took many efforts to finally create it, but the hawk doesn't feel neither thankful nor inferior at all, in opposite, he now has all under control. However, he admits being a non-sophisticated creature by saying

"There is no sophistry in my body"

It sees himself as a killer who has all the powers and who is perfect in what it is doing. The hawk regards the present situation as a perfect one and it wouldn't allow any change, it wants to keep its power. Like the crow, the hawk is both physically and mentally very strong, that is self confident, nonetheless it is much more straight-forward than the crow

"My manners are tearing off heads"

This shows that the hawk is much more rude and primitive than the crow however it is still very powerful. The hawk is as if an authoritarian ruler who does not allow any changes and does not tolerate different from its ideas.

Both "Crow" and "Hawk Roosting" are poems in which style reflects the content. Figures of speech, of which personification is the most common one, help to convey the characteristics of the two subjects. In both poems the tone is important, and although it is different, it still creates similar impression of awe. The two poems have powerful imagery and language, which work well and successfully convey the ideas intended by both authors.

Please note that this sample paper on Critical Commentary on "Crow" by A. MacLean and "Hawk Roosting" by T. Hughes is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Critical Commentary on "Crow" by A. MacLean and "Hawk Roosting" by T. Hughes, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Critical Commentary on "Crow" by A. MacLean and "Hawk Roosting" by T. Hughes will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Management analysis

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My chosen managers are named

1. Dave Smith Logcom

. Andy Thournburrow Freespirt

Dave Smith

Dave is the office manager of a company called logcom. Here he runs the location. The company has lots of offices with it main head office being in London. It is a distributor of computer soft and hardware.

Andy Thournburrow -

Andy is the store manager of a clothing store called Freespirit in Enfield, which is in London. It sells brands such as roxy, quicksilver and billabong. It is part of the major company called 'blacks out door wear'.

I have decided to use both these managers companies as one is a distributor who deals with the manufacturing and the other is in retail, which deals with the public. Therefore I have two sides of the cycle. I can compare the problems they face and try to make valid comments.

Also I decided to use these managers as I knew them quiet well and I knew they would give me up font and onist answer. Also they will be a reliable source. I will be easy to contact and be able to give me the correct information whenever I need it.

The problems

These are these basic questions, in individual substances I build on the anwsers. I asked

What Level of management are you?

Who are you in control of? Who is incharge of you?

Describe your industry. E.g. Retail etc

Where are you based?

What are the major problems you face being a manager?

. Is there a lack of respect?

. Are executive decisions hard for you?

. Is it hard to please everyone?

. Is it hard to delegate responsibility?

. Have you got a committed workforce?

. What do you look for in a person when hiring them?

. Are reliable and committed staff hard to find?

. Do you have any staffing difficulties?

. Are there any other problems with being a manager that you would like to share?

Results from Andy Thornburrow- Freespirit

Andy told us that the is a store manager in Enfield Town.

It is in retail

Head office in Northampton

No work ethics

Problems- He has to stick to a wage budget. He is only allowed a certain amount of hours to work from to give to staff. However extra staff is allowed if needed for example large delivery.

Paperwork is a bit of a hassle but does it all in work hours. Nothing is on computers. Its all on paper.

Tries to make executive decisions to please everyone, but sometimes that cannot be the case.

He delegates authority to the supervisors and the branch out to the workers.

When hiring look for initiative, common sense, work history and an interest in what is being sold.

Other problems are with sickness and holiday. Hard to get people to cover. Left short staffed.

Sometimes get over staffed in some cases and hours have to be cut, adjusting contracts.

Please note that this sample paper on Management analysis is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Management analysis, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Management analysis will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Letter from a Birmingham Jail

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In a "Letter from a Birmingham Jail", Martin Luther King Jr. writes to eight Alabama clergymen. This letter was written in response to a comment made by these clergymen to Martin Luther King Jr. while he was confined in a Birmingham Jail for parading without a permit. The clergymen suggested that the civil rights demonstrations that were held in Birmingham should come to an end, and that they were "unwise and untimely" (Birmingham, 1).

King Jr. felt a need to write to these men even though he usually didn't answer his criticisms. He believed that they were generally good people inside, and that their criticisms were genuinely presented. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted these men, and others to understand the struggle of his people. He wanted the clergymen to know that they have done all that they could to make their point without protests, but now this was the only option left. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted all people to be brothers and sisters, and for segregation to no longer be an issue.

Martin Luther King Jr. was considered an extremist because of the measures he took to show people the injustices put upon the African American. King Jr. pointed out that oppression is something that no one can be happy with, and that nonviolent protest is a great outlet for it. Martin also went on to say that many of the great men of our nation were considered extremists in some right, and that if you are the right kind of extremist then it is a noble thing to be. He stated that he was an extremist for love and justice, not for hate.

During the time that Martin Luther King Jr. wrote this letter racial oppression was a huge issue. Black people could not go into most of the establishments that white people were allowed to go. White people were given the better bus seats, and even water fountains. Police brutality was often inflicted upon African Americans, and they were treated as an underclass. It was not a good time in America to be an African American, or even anyone of color. Especially someone such as Martin Luther King Jr. who was trying to rise above the oppressions put upon him and his people.

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Martin Luther King Jr. considered time neutral. His reasoning for this was because he believed that time could be used either constructively or destructively. "I am beginning to feel that people of ill will have used time much more effectively than the people of good will." (Birmingham, ) King Jr. believed that we had to work hard on making things right with the world, and that time is always willing to do what is right. He thought that it was up to us if we wanted to make changes.

Martin Luther King Jr. stated that there were four steps to civil disobedience. The first was to collect facts to determine whether injustices are alive. The second step was negotiation. The third step was self-purification. And finally, the fourth step was direct action. King Jr. tells the clergymen that they have gone through all of the steps in Birmingham, and that it was very clear the racial prejudices were overwhelming.

In comments about breaking the law, Martin Luther King pointed out that there were just laws and unjust laws. A just law is a law that agrees with moral law or the law of God, that uplifts human personality, and a code that a majority inflicts on a minority that is willing to follow it. An unjust law is out of sync with moral law, it is not rooted in eternal or natural law, degrades human personality, and a code that a majority inflicts upon a minority that is not binding on itself. King Jr. goes on to say that if you break an unjust law you must do it open and lovingly, and also be ready to accept the penalties involved.

I believe that the reason Martin Luther King Jr. wrote this letter was because he was tired of being considered less than others just because of his skin. He wanted to see a world without color, and just people. King Jr. was trying to make these clergymen understand why he took the actions he did. Unfortunately, the reason that he was pushed to this state was because of white society. It was only a matter of time before someone in the African American community took a stand the way Martin Luther King Jr. did. It is a shame that he can't see how America has progressed from those times.

Please note that this sample paper on Letter from a Birmingham Jail is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Letter from a Birmingham Jail, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Letter from a Birmingham Jail will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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